How to Diagnose
Prediabetes can be defined as IGT or IFG. IGT is characterised by postprandial hyperglycaemia. IGT can only be identified by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in which plasma glucose levels are measured at defined time points after ingestion of 75g of glucose. IGT is defined as a plasma glucose level of 7.8–11.0mmol/L 2 hours after the start of the OGTT – a measure known as 2-hour postchallenge plasma glucose (2hPG). IFG is characterised by fasting hyperglycaemia, and is identified by a FPG test, in which glucose levels are measured after fasting for at least 8 hours. IFG is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a FPG level of 6.1–7.0mmol/L .
IGT is characterized by postprandial hyperglycaemia and diagnosed using 2hPG levels.
IGT can only be identified by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT ).
IGT is defined as plasma glucose levels 7.8 – 11.0 mmol/l 2 hours after start of OGTT.
IGT: OGTTs are the gold standard for diagnosing dysglycaemia.
IGT is more prevalent than IFG in many populations.
IFG is characterised by fasting hyperglycaemia.
IFG is identified by a FPG test, in which glucose levels are measured after fasting for at least 8 hours.
IFG is defined as a FPG level of 6.1 – 7.0 mmol/l.
People with diabetes or prediabetes are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome.
Adults with one metabolic syndrome component should be evaluated for the presence of other components, including dysglycaemia.
Risk prediction tools are useful and cost-effective for identifying high-risk individuals who would be good candidates for OGTTs.
